This chapter discusses adverbial modification of the clause. Section 8.1 begins by introducing the two main classes of adverbials, the so-called VP and clause adverbials: we will discuss their semantic contribution and propose several tests for distinguishing between the two kinds. Section 8.2 continues with a further semantic subdivision of the main types of adverbial phrases, and Section 8.3 discusses the form of these adverbial phrases, and shows that VP adverbials generally show a greater variety than clause adverbials. It seems to be generally accepted that VP adverbials must follow clause adverbials; however, we will show in Section 8.4 that the different subtypes of adverbial phrases are subject to additional word-order restrictions. Section 8.5 concludes with a brief discussion of verbs such as wonento live/reside, which obligatorily combine with an adverbial phrase: we will argue that this is not motivated by syntactic but by pragmatic considerations.