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- Syntax
- Preface and acknowledgements
- Verbs and Verb Phrases
- 1 Characterization and classification
- 2 Projection of verb phrases I:Argument structure
- 3 Projection of verb phrases II:Verb frame alternations
- Introduction
- 3.1. Main types
- 3.2. Alternations involving the external argument
- 3.3. Alternations of noun phrases and PPs
- 3.3.1. Dative/PP alternations (dative shift)
- 3.3.1.1. Dative alternation with aan-phrases (recipients)
- 3.3.1.2. Dative alternation with naar-phrases (goals)
- 3.3.1.3. Dative alternation with van-phrases (sources)
- 3.3.1.4. Dative alternation with bij-phrases (possessors)
- 3.3.1.5. Dative alternation with voor-phrases (benefactives)
- 3.3.1.6. Conclusion
- 3.3.1.7. Bibliographical notes
- 3.3.2. Accusative/PP alternations
- 3.3.3. Nominative/PP alternations
- 3.3.1. Dative/PP alternations (dative shift)
- 3.4. Some apparent cases of verb frame alternation
- 3.5. Bibliographical notes
- 4 Projection of verb phrases IIIa:Selection of clauses/verb phrases
- 5 Projection of verb phrases IIIb:Argument and complementive clauses
- Introduction
- 5.1. Finite argument clauses
- 5.2. Infinitival argument clauses
- 5.3. Complementive clauses
- 6 Projection of verb phrases IIIc:Complements of non-main verbs
- 7 Projection of verb phrases IIId:Verb clusters
- 8 Projection of verb phrases IV: Adverbial modification
- 9 Word order in the clause I:General introduction
- 10 Word order in the clause II:Position of the finite verb (verb-first/second)
- 11 Word order in the clause III:Clause-initial position (wh-movement)
- Introduction
- 11.1. The formation of V1- and V2-clauses
- 11.2. Clause-initial position remains (phonetically) empty
- 11.3. Clause-initial position is filled
- 12 Word order in the clause IV:Postverbal field (extraposition)
- 13 Word order in the clause V: Middle field (scrambling)
- 14 Main-clause external elements
- Nouns and Noun Phrases
- 1 Characterization and classification
- 2 Projection of noun phrases I: complementation
- Introduction
- 2.1. General observations
- 2.2. Prepositional and nominal complements
- 2.3. Clausal complements
- 2.4. Bibliographical notes
- 3 Projection of noun phrases II: modification
- Introduction
- 3.1. Restrictive and non-restrictive modifiers
- 3.2. Premodification
- 3.3. Postmodification
- 3.3.1. Adpositional phrases
- 3.3.2. Relative clauses
- 3.3.3. Infinitival clauses
- 3.3.4. A special case: clauses referring to a proposition
- 3.3.5. Adjectival phrases
- 3.3.6. Adverbial postmodification
- 3.4. Bibliographical notes
- 4 Projection of noun phrases III: binominal constructions
- Introduction
- 4.1. Binominal constructions without a preposition
- 4.2. Binominal constructions with a preposition
- 4.3. Bibliographical notes
- 5 Determiners: articles and pronouns
- Introduction
- 5.1. Articles
- 5.2. Pronouns
- 5.3. Bibliographical notes
- 6 Numerals and quantifiers
- 7 Pre-determiners
- Introduction
- 7.1. The universal quantifier al 'all' and its alternants
- 7.2. The pre-determiner heel 'all/whole'
- 7.3. A note on focus particles
- 7.4. Bibliographical notes
- 8 Syntactic uses of noun phrases
- Adjectives and Adjective Phrases
- 1 Characteristics and classification
- 2 Projection of adjective phrases I: Complementation
- 3 Projection of adjective phrases II: Modification
- 4 Projection of adjective phrases III: Comparison
- 5 Attributive use of the adjective phrase
- 6 Predicative use of the adjective phrase
- 7 The partitive genitive construction
- 8 Adverbial use of the adjective phrase
- 9 Participles and infinitives: their adjectival use
- 10 Special constructions
- Adpositions and adpositional phrases
- 1 Characteristics and classification
- Introduction
- 1.1. Characterization of the category adposition
- 1.2. A formal classification of adpositional phrases
- 1.3. A semantic classification of adpositional phrases
- 1.3.1. Spatial adpositions
- 1.3.2. Temporal adpositions
- 1.3.3. Non-spatial/temporal prepositions
- 1.4. Borderline cases
- 1.5. Bibliographical notes
- 2 Projection of adpositional phrases: Complementation
- 3 Projection of adpositional phrases: Modification
- 4 Syntactic uses of the adpositional phrase
- 5 R-pronominalization and R-words
- 1 Characteristics and classification
- Coordination and Ellipsis
- Nouns and noun phrases (JANUARI 2025)
- 15 Characterization and classification
- 16 Projection of noun phrases I: Complementation
- 16.0. Introduction
- 16.1. General observations
- 16.2. Prepositional and nominal complements
- 16.3. Clausal complements
- 16.4. Bibliographical notes
- 17 Projection of noun phrases II: Modification
- 17.0. Introduction
- 17.1. Restrictive and non-restrictive modifiers
- 17.2. Premodification
- 17.3. Postmodification
- 17.3.1. Adpositional phrases
- 17.3.2. Relative clauses
- 17.3.3. Infinitival clauses
- 17.3.4. A special case: clauses referring to a proposition
- 17.3.5. Adjectival phrases
- 17.3.6. Adverbial postmodification
- 17.4. Bibliographical notes
- 18 Projection of noun phrases III: Binominal constructions
- 18.0. Introduction
- 18.1. Binominal constructions without a preposition
- 18.2. Binominal constructions with a preposition
- 18.3. Bibliographical notes
- 19 Determiners: Articles and pronouns
- 19.0. Introduction
- 19.1. Articles
- 19.2. Pronouns
- 19.3. Bibliographical notes
- 20 Numerals and quantifiers
- 20.0. Introduction
- 20.1. Numerals
- 20.2. Quantifiers
- 20.2.1. Introduction
- 20.2.2. Universal quantifiers: ieder/elk ‘every’ and alle ‘all’
- 20.2.3. Existential quantifiers: sommige ‘some’ and enkele ‘some’
- 20.2.4. Degree quantifiers: veel ‘many/much’ and weinig ‘few/little’
- 20.2.5. Modification of quantifiers
- 20.2.6. A note on the adverbial use of degree quantifiers
- 20.3. Quantitative er constructions
- 20.4. Partitive and pseudo-partitive constructions
- 20.5. Bibliographical notes
- 21 Predeterminers
- 21.0. Introduction
- 21.1. The universal quantifier al ‘all’ and its alternants
- 21.2. The predeterminer heel ‘all/whole’
- 21.3. A note on focus particles
- 21.4. Bibliographical notes
- 22 Syntactic uses of noun phrases
- 23 Referential dependencies (binding)
- Syntax
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- General
20.5.Bibliographical notes
quickinfo
A good overview of the use of Dutch numerals and quantifiers can be found in Haeseryn et al. (1997:§7) and Rys (2023). Other discussions include De Jong (1983/1991) on the distribution of Dutch determiners (articles, numerals and quantifiers); Doetjes (1997) on the distribution of quantifying expressions in French, Dutch and English; and Zwarts (1992; ch.7) on quantified determiners in Dutch. More recent studies on (or at least related to) the morphosyntactic status and properties of numerals are Corver (1998/2001/2012), Corver & Zwarts (2005), Booij (2005/2010), Corver & Kranendonk (2008), Kranendonk (2010), and Klockmann (2017:ch.4&5). Corver & Tatsumi (to appear) reviews the recent literature on numerals from a cross-linguistic perspective. This chapter has followed Corver’s proposal that cardinal numerals are nominal in nature, although we have not looked closely at their syntactic function in prenominal position as modifier or predicate: see the various previously mentioned contributions by Corver et al. for some preliminary explorations of the latter idea.
The distinction between weak and strong determiners was first made by Milsark (1974/1977) in a discussion of English existential constructions and the definiteness effect. For more detailed discussions of the er construction and the definiteness effect in English and Dutch, we refer the reader to Reuland (1983), Safir (1985), Bennis (1986), and the papers collected in Reuland & Ter Meulen (1989). See also Diesing (1992), De Hoop (1992/1995) on the weak-strong distinction in Dutch, De Swart (2001) on the weak reading of indefinites, and Kobele & Zimmermann (2012) on the weak-strong distinction in German. Reviews of the literature on expletive constructions and the definiteness effect can be found in Moro (2006/2017) and Hartmann (2008).
Since the 1980s much of the research on quantification has been done within the theory of generalized quantifiers, as developed by Barwise and Cooper (1981). For a general introduction, see Partee et al. (1990; ch.14). For more detailed discussions, see collections like Van Benthem & Ter Meulen (1985), Groenendijk et al. (1987), and Gärdenfors (1987). Bach et al. (1995) presents a large number of studies on quantification in various languages, including Dutch.
Important studies on quantitative er include Bech (1952), Blom (1977), Bennis (1986), Coppen (1991), Barbiers (1990/2009/2017), and Kranendonk (2010). The arguments for the movement analysis of quantitative er are taken from Barbiers (1990/2009); Kranendonk (2010) and Barbiers (2017) also provide an explicit comparison of quantitative er with the referential personal pronoun zethey, and show that although er pronominalizes a smaller portion of the noun phrase than the pronoun ze, there are some similarities between the two.
Discussions of partitive and pseudo-partitive constructions can be found in Hoeksema (1984b/1996), Coppen (1991), De Jong (1991), Vos (1999), De Hoop (2003), Van de Velde (2009), and Kranendonk (2010:§5). Note again that our use of the term pseudo-partitive construction differs from that used in the literature, where it is also used to refer to quantificational binominal constructions such as een kop koffiea cup of coffee discussed in Section 18.1.1.
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