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- Syntax
- Preface and acknowledgements
- Verbs and Verb Phrases
- 1 Characterization and classification
- 2 Projection of verb phrases I:Argument structure
- 3 Projection of verb phrases II:Verb frame alternations
- Introduction
- 3.1. Main types
- 3.2. Alternations involving the external argument
- 3.3. Alternations of noun phrases and PPs
- 3.3.1. Dative/PP alternations (dative shift)
- 3.3.1.1. Dative alternation with aan-phrases (recipients)
- 3.3.1.2. Dative alternation with naar-phrases (goals)
- 3.3.1.3. Dative alternation with van-phrases (sources)
- 3.3.1.4. Dative alternation with bij-phrases (possessors)
- 3.3.1.5. Dative alternation with voor-phrases (benefactives)
- 3.3.1.6. Conclusion
- 3.3.1.7. Bibliographical notes
- 3.3.2. Accusative/PP alternations
- 3.3.3. Nominative/PP alternations
- 3.3.1. Dative/PP alternations (dative shift)
- 3.4. Some apparent cases of verb frame alternation
- 3.5. Bibliographical notes
- 4 Projection of verb phrases IIIa:Selection of clauses/verb phrases
- 5 Projection of verb phrases IIIb:Argument and complementive clauses
- Introduction
- 5.1. Finite argument clauses
- 5.2. Infinitival argument clauses
- 5.3. Complementive clauses
- 6 Projection of verb phrases IIIc:Complements of non-main verbs
- 7 Projection of verb phrases IIId:Verb clusters
- 8 Projection of verb phrases IV: Adverbial modification
- 9 Word order in the clause I:General introduction
- 10 Word order in the clause II:Position of the finite verb (verb-first/second)
- 11 Word order in the clause III:Clause-initial position (wh-movement)
- Introduction
- 11.1. The formation of V1- and V2-clauses
- 11.2. Clause-initial position remains (phonetically) empty
- 11.3. Clause-initial position is filled
- 12 Word order in the clause IV:Postverbal field (extraposition)
- 13 Word order in the clause V: Middle field (scrambling)
- 14 Main-clause external elements
- Nouns and Noun Phrases
- 1 Characterization and classification
- 2 Projection of noun phrases I: complementation
- Introduction
- 2.1. General observations
- 2.2. Prepositional and nominal complements
- 2.3. Clausal complements
- 2.4. Bibliographical notes
- 3 Projection of noun phrases II: modification
- Introduction
- 3.1. Restrictive and non-restrictive modifiers
- 3.2. Premodification
- 3.3. Postmodification
- 3.3.1. Adpositional phrases
- 3.3.2. Relative clauses
- 3.3.3. Infinitival clauses
- 3.3.4. A special case: clauses referring to a proposition
- 3.3.5. Adjectival phrases
- 3.3.6. Adverbial postmodification
- 3.4. Bibliographical notes
- 4 Projection of noun phrases III: binominal constructions
- Introduction
- 4.1. Binominal constructions without a preposition
- 4.2. Binominal constructions with a preposition
- 4.3. Bibliographical notes
- 5 Determiners: articles and pronouns
- Introduction
- 5.1. Articles
- 5.2. Pronouns
- 5.3. Bibliographical notes
- 6 Numerals and quantifiers
- 7 Pre-determiners
- Introduction
- 7.1. The universal quantifier al 'all' and its alternants
- 7.2. The pre-determiner heel 'all/whole'
- 7.3. A note on focus particles
- 7.4. Bibliographical notes
- 8 Syntactic uses of noun phrases
- Adjectives and Adjective Phrases
- 1 Characteristics and classification
- 2 Projection of adjective phrases I: Complementation
- 3 Projection of adjective phrases II: Modification
- 4 Projection of adjective phrases III: Comparison
- 5 Attributive use of the adjective phrase
- 6 Predicative use of the adjective phrase
- 7 The partitive genitive construction
- 8 Adverbial use of the adjective phrase
- 9 Participles and infinitives: their adjectival use
- 10 Special constructions
- Adpositions and adpositional phrases
- 1 Characteristics and classification
- Introduction
- 1.1. Characterization of the category adposition
- 1.2. A formal classification of adpositional phrases
- 1.3. A semantic classification of adpositional phrases
- 1.3.1. Spatial adpositions
- 1.3.2. Temporal adpositions
- 1.3.3. Non-spatial/temporal prepositions
- 1.4. Borderline cases
- 1.5. Bibliographical notes
- 2 Projection of adpositional phrases: Complementation
- 3 Projection of adpositional phrases: Modification
- 4 Syntactic uses of the adpositional phrase
- 5 R-pronominalization and R-words
- 1 Characteristics and classification
- Coordination and Ellipsis
- Nouns and noun phrases (JANUARI 2025)
- 15 Characterization and classification
- 16 Projection of noun phrases I: Complementation
- 16.0. Introduction
- 16.1. General observations
- 16.2. Prepositional and nominal complements
- 16.3. Clausal complements
- 16.4. Bibliographical notes
- 17 Projection of noun phrases II: Modification
- 17.0. Introduction
- 17.1. Restrictive and non-restrictive modifiers
- 17.2. Premodification
- 17.3. Postmodification
- 17.3.1. Adpositional phrases
- 17.3.2. Relative clauses
- 17.3.3. Infinitival clauses
- 17.3.4. A special case: clauses referring to a proposition
- 17.3.5. Adjectival phrases
- 17.3.6. Adverbial postmodification
- 17.4. Bibliographical notes
- 18 Projection of noun phrases III: Binominal constructions
- 18.0. Introduction
- 18.1. Binominal constructions without a preposition
- 18.2. Binominal constructions with a preposition
- 18.3. Bibliographical notes
- 19 Determiners: Articles and pronouns
- 19.0. Introduction
- 19.1. Articles
- 19.2. Pronouns
- 19.3. Bibliographical notes
- 20 Numerals and quantifiers
- 20.0. Introduction
- 20.1. Numerals
- 20.2. Quantifiers
- 20.2.1. Introduction
- 20.2.2. Universal quantifiers: ieder/elk ‘every’ and alle ‘all’
- 20.2.3. Existential quantifiers: sommige ‘some’ and enkele ‘some’
- 20.2.4. Degree quantifiers: veel ‘many/much’ and weinig ‘few/little’
- 20.2.5. Modification of quantifiers
- 20.2.6. A note on the adverbial use of degree quantifiers
- 20.3. Quantitative er constructions
- 20.4. Partitive and pseudo-partitive constructions
- 20.5. Bibliographical notes
- 21 Predeterminers
- 21.0. Introduction
- 21.1. The universal quantifier al ‘all’ and its alternants
- 21.2. The predeterminer heel ‘all/whole’
- 21.3. A note on focus particles
- 21.4. Bibliographical notes
- 22 Syntactic uses of noun phrases
- 23 Referential dependencies (binding)
- Syntax
-
- General
Projection of noun phrases I:
Complementation
quickinfo
- 16.0. Introduction
- 16.1. General observations
- I. Complementation of nouns: complements and modifiers
- II. Nouns as predicates
- III. Complementation of non-derived nouns
- IV. Derived nouns: inheritance of argument structure
- V. The form of the arguments
- A. Realization of the internal argument as a PP or genitive noun phrase
- B. Realization of the internal argument as an (indefinite) noun phrase
- VI. The position of the arguments
- A. The order of the head noun and its internal arguments
- B. The order of the recipient and theme arguments of the noun
- VII. Summary of the observational generalizations
- 16.2. Prepositional and nominal complements
- 16.2.1. Tests for distinguishing PP-complements from PP-adjuncts
- I. Difficulties in distinguishing PP-complements from PP-adjuncts
- II. Test 1: obligatoriness of the PP
- A. Contextual recoverability
- B. Generic, predicative and habitual uses
- C. Quantified and existential contexts
- D. Incorporation (compounding)
- III. Test 2: occurrence of the van-PP in post-copular predicative position
- IV. Test 3: R-pronominalization of the PP
- V. Test 4: extraction of the PP
- VI. Illustration of the application of the tests
- VII. Conclusion
- 16.2.2. Relational nouns
- I. Form and position of the argument
- II. Types of relational nouns
- III. Differences between relational and non-relational nouns
- IV. Application of the complement/adjunct tests
- 16.2.3. Deverbal nouns
- 16.2.3.1. Agentive er-nominalizations
- I. Complementation
- A. Er-nominalization of intransitive verbs
- B. Er-nominalization of transitive verbs
- C. Er-nominalization of ditransitive verbs
- D. Er-nominalization of verbs selecting a PP-theme
- E. Er-nominalization of verbs selecting a complementive
- F. Conclusion
- II. Application of the complement/adjunct tests
- 16.2.3.2. Inf-nominalizations
- I. General principles of inf-nominalization
- A. Choice of determiner
- B. The genitive noun phrase/possessive pronoun
- C. Specificity of the postnominal van-PP and the prenominal NPTheme
- D. The agentive door-phrase
- II. Complementation
- A. Inf-nominalization of intransitive verbs
- B. Inf-nominalization of unaccusative verbs
- C. Inf-nominalization of transitive verbs
- D. Inf-nominalization of ditransitive verbs
- E. Inf-nominalizations of verbs selecting a prepositional argument
- F. Inf-nominalizations taking a complementive
- G. Summary: the common patterns of inf-nominalizations
- III. Application of the complement/adjunct test
- 16.2.3.3. Ing-nominalizations
- I. Complementation
- A. Ing-nominalizations derived from intransitive verbs
- B. Ing-nominalizations derived from unaccusative verbs
- C. Ing-nominalizations derived from transitive verbs
- D. Ing-nominalizations derived from ditransitive verbs
- E. Ing-nominalizations derived from verbs with prepositional arguments
- F. Ing-nominalizations derived from verbs taking a complementive
- G. Conclusion
- II. Application of the complement/adjunct tests
- 16.2.3.4. Ge-nominalizations
- I. Complementation
- A. Ge-nominalizations derived from intransitive verbs
- B. Ge-nominalizations derived from unaccusative verbs
- C. Ge-nominalizations derived from monotransitive verbs
- D. Ge-nominalizations derived from ditransitive verbs
- E. Ge-nominalizations of verbs with prepositional arguments
- F. Ge-nominalizations of verbs taking a complementive
- G. Conclusion
- II. Application of the complement/adjunct tests
- 16.2.3.5. Deverbal nouns: summary
- I. Nominalizations derived from intransitive verbs
- II. Nominalizations derived from unaccusative verbs
- III. Nominalizations derived from transitive verbs
- IV. Nominalizations derived from ditransitive verbs
- V. Nominalizations derived from verbs with a PP-complement
- VI. Nominalizations derived from verbs with a complementive
- 16.2.4. Deadjectival nouns
- I. Complementation
- A. Nouns derived from monadic adjectives
- B. Nouns derived from dyadic adjectives
- C. Nouns derived from triadic adjectives
- D. Conclusion
- II. Application of the complement/adjunct tests
- 16.2.5. Picture and story nouns
- 16.2.5.1. Form and position of the arguments
- 16.2.5.2. Implicit arguments
- 16.2.5.3. Defining the category
- 16.2.5.4. The distribution of the arguments of the noun
- I. Picture nouns
- A. Picture nouns with one argument expressed
- B. Picture nouns with two arguments expressed
- C. Picture nouns with three arguments expressed
- II. Story nouns
- 16.2.5.5. The status of the postnominal PPs
- I. The postnominal van-PPs of picture nouns
- A. Picture nouns with maken ‘make’, kopen ‘buy’ and beschadigen ‘damage’
- B. Picture nouns with zien ‘to see’ and vervalsen ‘to forge’
- C. Conclusion
- II. The postnominal van/over-PPs of story nouns
- 16.2.5.6. Application of the complement/adjunct tests
- 16.2.6. Conclusion
- 16.3. Clausal complements
- 16.3.1. Finite clauses
- I. Deverbal speech-act nouns
- II. Deverbal proposition nouns
- III. Non-derived (relational) nouns
- IV. Deadjectival nouns
- 16.3.2. Infinitival clauses
- 16.3.3. Differences between clausal complements and relative clauses
- 16.4. Bibliographical notes
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